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ZymoGenetics, Inc. engages in the discovery, development, and commercialization of therapeutic protein-based products for the treatment of human diseases. Its products include Novolin and NovoRapid marketed worldwide for the treatment of diabetes; NovoSeven marketed worldwide for the treatment of hemophilia; Regranex for the treatment of wound healing; GlucaGen for use as an aid for gastrointestinal motility inhibition and for the treatment of severe hypoglycemia in diabetic patients treated with insulin; and Cleactor for the treatment of myocardial infarction or heart attacks. The company's product pipeline comprises rhThrombin, TACI-Ig, and IL-21. rhThrombin is a topical hemostatic agent intended for the control of bleeding during surgical procedures has completed Phase 2 clinical trial. TACI-Ig is a soluble receptor for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and is developed in collaboration with Serono S.A. IL-21 is a protein for the treatment of cancer. ZymoGenetics was co-founded by Earl W. Davie, Benjamin D. Hall, and Michael Smith in 1981. The company is headquartered in Seattle, Washington.
CytRx Corporation, a biopharmaceutical company, engages in the development and commercialization of human therapeutics primarily in the area of small molecules and ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi). It owns 3 clinical-stage compounds based on its small molecule ‘molecular chaperone' co-induction technology, as well as a targeted library of 500 small molecule drug candidates that would be used to screen for new drug candidates. The company initiated a Phase II clinical trial with its lead small molecule product candidate, Arimoclomol for the treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Arimoclomol received Orphan Drug and Fast Track designation from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. CytRx has also licensed from the University of Massachusetts Medical School (UMMS) the exclusive worldwide commercial rights to a novel DNA-based HIV vaccine technology, which demonstrated positive interim Phase I clinical trial results indicating its ability to produce potent antibody responses with neutralizing activity against multiple HIV viral strains. The company has a strategic alliance with UMMS to develop compounds in the areas of ALS, obesity, type II diabetes, and cytomegalovirus using RNAi technology, as well as a research program with Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University's teaching hospital, to use RNAi technology to develop a drug for the treatment of ALS. CytRx was incorporated in 1985 and is headquartered in Los Angeles, California.
SCHERING-PLOUGH CORP (SGP)
Schering-Plough Corporation engages in the discovery, development, manufacture, and marketing of medical therapies and treatments primarily in the United States, Canada, and Europe. The company also markets consumer brands in the over-the-counter (OTC), foot care, and sun care markets, as well as operates a global animal health business. The company operates in three segments: Prescription Pharmaceuticals, Consumer Health Care, and Animal Health. The Prescription Pharmaceuticals segment manufactures and markets primary care products that include allergy/ respiratory, antibiotics, dermatologicals, and erectile dysfunction products, as well as specialty care products, such as anti-infectives, anti-inflammatories, oncology, acute coronary care, and other products for humans. It sells its products to hospitals, certain managed care organizations, wholesale distributors, and retail pharmacists. The Consumer Health Care segment manufactures and markets OTC, foot care, and sun care products. It sells its products through wholesale and retail drug, food chain, and mass merchandiser outlets. The Animal Health segment manufactures and markets animal health products to the livestock, poultry, companion animal, and aquaculture markets. It sells its products to veterinarians, distributors, and animal producers. Schering-Plough Corp. has a collaboration and license agreement with OncoMethylome Sciences for Schering-Plough to utilize assay technology from OncoMethylome Sciences that measures the methylation status of the MGMT gene in patients with glioblastoma multiforme, a form of malignant brain cancer, treated with temodar. The company was incorporated in 1970 and is headquartered in Kenilworth, New Jersey.
TEVA PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES LIMITED (TEVA)
Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Limited, a pharmaceutical company, engages in the development, manufacture, and marketing of generic and human drugs worldwide. Its generic pharmaceutical products include tablets, capsules, ointments, creams, liquids, and injectables. The company's active pharmaceutical ingredients include peptide active pharmaceutical ingredients. It also develops technologies, such as fermentation processes. The company has strategic alliances with Biovail Corporation International, Savient Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Impax Laboratories, Inc., and Andrx Corporation. Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Limited was founded in 1901 and is headquartered in Petach Tikva, Israel.
BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB COMPANY (BMY)
Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (BMS) engages in the discovery, development, license, manufacture, marketing, distribution, and sale of pharmaceutical and other health care products. The company primarily operates in three segments: Pharmaceuticals, Nutritionals, and Other Healthcare. The Pharmaceuticals segment provides branded pharmaceutical products for cardiovascular, virology, including human immunodeficiency virus, infectious diseases, oncology, affective disorders, and metabolics. It offers its products primarily to wholesalers, retail pharmacies, hospitals, government entities, and the medical professionals. The Nutritionals segment manufactures, markets, distributes, and sells infant formulas and other nutritional products, including a line of ENFAMIL products. The nutritional products are generally sold by wholesalers and retailers to healthcare professionals. The company's Other Healthcare segment consists of ConvaTec, Medical Imaging, and Consumer Medicines businesses. ConvaTec provides ostomy, and wound and skin care products. Medical Imaging offers cardiovascular imaging products, including radiopharmaceuticals and ultra-sound agents. Consumer Medicines provides consumer health care products for headache relief, analgesics, cold, cough, flu, and moisturizers, as well as for diabetics. BMS has strategic alliances with Sanofi-Aventis; Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; ImClone Systems Incorporated; and Sankyo Company, Ltd. The company has a collaboration agreement with Ambit to discover kinase inhibitors; and with Domantis Limited to develop dAb therapeutics for uses in the fields of immunology and oncology. The company was founded in 1887. It was formerly known as Bristol-Myers Company and changed its name to Bristol-Myers Squibb Company in 1989. Bristol-Myers is headquartered in the New York City.
ELAN CORPORATION PLC (ELN)
Elan Corporation, plc engages in the discovery, development, manufacture, and marketing of advanced therapies in autoimmune diseases, such as pain and neurodegenerative diseases. The company operates in two segments, Biopharmaceuticals, and Global Services and Operations. The Biopharmaceuticals segment engages in biopharmaceutical research, development, and commercialization activities, which include the discovery and development of products in the therapeutic areas of neurology, autoimmune diseases, and pain. Its pharmaceutical commercial activities consists of the marketing of neurology/pain management products, including Myobloc that acts at the neuromuscular junction to produce flaccid paralysis; Zanaflex, which is used in the treatment of partial epileptic seizures in adults; and Frova that is used as an antimigraine therapy. This segment also markets various hospital products, such as Maxipime, an antibiotic that is used to treat patients with infections; and Azactam, which is used to treat pneumonia, post surgical infections, and septicemia. The Global Services and Operations segment focuses on product development and manufacturing to provide drug delivery technologies for the pharmaceutical industry. The company sells its pharmaceutical products primarily to drug wholesalers; and drug delivery products for licensees and distributors in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Ireland. Elan has collaboration agreement with Wyeth. The company was incorporated in 1969 and is headquartered in Dublin, Ireland.
Novartis AG engages in the research, development, manufacture, and marketing of pharmaceutical products worldwide. It operates in three divisions: Pharmaceuticals, Consumer Health, and Sandoz. Pharmaceuticals division develops, markets, and sells branded pharmaceuticals in various therapeutic areas, including cardiovascular and metabolism, neuroscience, respiratory and dermatology, specialty medicines, oncology and hematology, transplantation and immunology, and ophthalmic diseases, as well as arthritis, bone, gastrointestinal, hormone replacement therapy, and infectious diseases. Consumer Health division operates five units, such as over-the-counter self-medication products, animal health, medical nutrition, infant and baby foods, and lens and vision care. Sandoz division develops, manufactures, markets, and sells retail generics drugs, and off-patent active pharmaceutical ingredients and intermediates to wholesalers, pharmacies, hospitals, and other healthcare outlets. It also provides biopharmaceutical products, such as protein hormones and other human proteins. Novartis has a collaboration agreement with Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. focused on the discovery of therapeutics based on RNA interference; with Avalon to discover and develop small molecule therapeutics for an undisclosed indication; with Vernalis plc focused on the oncology target Hsp90; with Ablynx nv to discover and develop therapeutic Nanobodies; and with Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. to develop and market rivastigmine transdermal patch in Japan for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The company sells its products to physicians, pharmacists, hospitals, insurance groups, and managed care organizations. Novartis was formed in 1895 and is headquartered in Basel, Switzerland.
ABBOTT LABORATORIES (ABT)
Abbott Laboratories engages in the discovery, development, manufacture, and sale of a line of health care products principally in the United States and Canada. The company operates through three segments: Pharmaceutical Products, Diagnostic Products, and Ross Products. The Pharmaceutical Products segment's products include a line of adult and pediatric pharmaceuticals, which are sold primarily on the prescription, or recommendation, of physicians. This segment sells its products directly to wholesalers, government agencies, health care facilities, and independent retailers in the United States through company-owned distribution centers and public warehouses. The Diagnostic Products segment's products consist of diagnostic systems and tests for blood banks, hospitals, commercial laboratories, alternate-care testing sites, plasma protein therapeutic companies, and consumers. These products are sold directly to hospitals, laboratories, clinics, and physicians' offices. The Ross Products segment's products include a line of pediatric and adult nutritionals. This segment sells its products directly to physicians, health care facilities, and government agencies through wholesalers. Abbott Laboratories has a strategic alliance with Myriad Genetics, Inc. in pharmacogenetics that would focus on identifying human genetic variation around drug targets in various stages of development. The company was founded by Wallace Calvin Abbott in 1888. Abbott Laboratories is based in Abbott Park, Illinois.
FOREST LABORATORIES INC (FRX)
Forest Laboratories, Inc. engages in the development, manufacture, and sale of both branded and generic forms of ethical drug products, as well as nonprescription pharmaceutical products sold over-the-counter. The company's products include Lexapro, Celexa, Namenda, Tiazac, Benicar, Benicar HCT, Milnacipran, CCR1, Lercanidipine, Campral, and Combunox. The Lexapro and Celexa are used for the initial and maintenance treatment of depressive disorders, and for generalized anxiety disorders. The Namenda, an N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor antagonist, is used for the treatment of moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease. The Tiazac, Benicar, Benicar HCT, and Lercanidipine are used for hypertension. The Milnacipran is in Phase III development for the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome. The CCR1 is a chemokine receptor involved in the inflammation process. Campral is used for the maintenance of abstinence from alcohol in patients with alcohol dependence. Combunox, an opioid and NSAID combination, is used for the short-term management of pain. It also has various products under development, which include RGH-188 in Phase I clinical trials, an atypical antipsychotic for the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar mania, and other psychiatric conditions; phase I completed GRC 3886, a novel, orally available Phosphodiesterase-IV inhibitor in development for chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder and asthma; and Desmoteplase, a novel plasminogen activator, or blood clot-dissolving agent. The company markets its products directly and though independent distributors worldwide to physicians, pharmacies, hospitals, managed care, and other healthcare organizations. The company has strategic alliances with H. Lundbeck A/S; Merz Pharma GmbH; Sankyo Pharma; Merck Sante s.a.s.; Gedeon Richter Ltd.; Glenmark Pharmaceuticals; PAION GmbH; ChemoCentryx, Inc.; Cypress Bioscience, Inc.; and Recordati, S.p.A. Forest Laboratories was organized in 1956 and is based in New York City.
Pfizer, Inc. engages in the discovery, development, manufacture, and marketing of prescription medicines for humans and animals, as well as consumer healthcare products worldwide. It operates in three segments: Human Health, Consumer Healthcare, and Animal Health. The Human Health segment offers treatments for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, central nervous system disorders, arthritis and pain, infectious and respiratory diseases, urogenital conditions, cancer, eye disease, endocrine disorders, and allergies. The Consumer Healthcare segment markets over-the-counter medications for oral care, upper respiratory health, tobacco dependence, gastrointestinal health, skin care, eye care, and hair growth. Its principal products include Listerine mouthwash, Listerine PocketPaks oral care strips, Nicorette for tobacco dependence, Benadryl antihistamine for allergies, Sudafed for sinus congestion, Rogaine for hair growth, Zantac 75 for prevention and relief of heartburn, Rolaids antacid tablets, Efferdent denture cleaner, Neosporin antibiotic ointment, Visine eye drops, BenGay topical analgesic, Cortizone skin care products, Lubriderm moisturizing lotions, Unisom sleep aids, Desitin ointments for treatment of diaper rash, Ludens throat drops, and Purell instant hand sanitizer. The Animal Health segment offers products for the prevention and treatment of diseases in livestock and animals. Its products include parasiticides, anti-inflammatories, vaccines, antibiotics, and related medicines. In addition, the company offers empty soft-gelatin capsules, contract manufacturing, and bulk pharmaceutical chemicals. Pfizer has an agreement with Power 3 Medical Products, Inc. to evaluate the NuroPro test capabilities and to test blind and unblinded samples provided by Pfizer; and a research and license agreement with Incyte Corp. for the development, manufacture, and marketing of oral CCR2 antagonists. The company was founded in 1849 and is headquartered in New York City.
Amgen, Inc., a biotechnology company, engages in the discovery, development, manufacture, and marketing of human therapeutics based on advances in cellular and molecular biology. The company markets human therapeutic products in the areas of nephrology, supportive cancer care, and inflammatory disease. Its products primarily include EPOGEN, Aranesp, Neulasta, NEUPOGEN, and ENBREL, which is marketed under a co-promotion agreement with Wyeth in the United States and Canada. EPOGEN and Aranesp stimulate the production of red blood cells to treat anemia. Neulasta and NEUPOGEN selectively stimulate the production of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell that helps the body fight infections. ENBREL blocks the biologic activity of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) by inhibiting TNF, a substance induced in response to inflammatory and immunological responses, such as rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. It sells its products to healthcare providers, including clinics, hospitals, and pharmacies primarily in the United States, Europe, Canada, and Australia. Amgen has collaboration and license agreement with Memory Pharmaceuticals Corp. to produce drugs for neurological and psychiatric disorders; and a drug-discovery agreement with Galapagos Genomics NV. The company was established by Bill Bowes, Franklin Johnson, Sam Wohlsteadter, and Raymond Baddour in 1980. Amgen is headquartered in Thousand Oaks, California.
ELI LILLY AND COMPANY (LLY)
Eli Lilly and Company engages in the discovery, development, manufacture, and sale of primarily pharmaceutical products in the United States and internationally. The company's products include neuroscience products, which include Zyprexa, Prozac, Strattera, Cymbalta, Permax, Symbyax, and Yentreve; endocrinology products that consist primarily of Humalog, Humulin, Actos, Evista, Forteo, and Humatrope; and oncology products, which comprise primarily of Gemzar and Alimta. It also offers cardiovascular products that consist primarily of ReoPro and Xigris; and anti-infectives, which primarily include Ceclor and Vancocin. The other pharmaceutical product group includes Cialis, Axid, and other miscellaneous pharmaceutical products and services. In addition, Eli Lilly offers animal health products that include Tylan, Rumensin, Coban, and other products for livestock and poultry. It primarily sells its pharmaceutical products through wholesalers that serve pharmacies, physicians and other health care professionals, and hospitals. Eli Lilly has a collaboration agreement with HistoRx, Inc. to apply the HistoRx AQUA platform for quantitative pathology analysis; and with Alkermes, Inc. to develop and commercialize inhaled formulations of parathyroid hormone for the treatment of osteoporosis. The company was founded by Eli Lilly in 1876 and is based in Indianapolis, Indiana.
GILEAD SCIENCES INC (GILD)
Gilead Sciences, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, engages in the discovery, development, and commercialization of therapeutics for patients suffering from life-threatening diseases primarily in North America, Europe, and Australia. It focuses its research and clinical programs on anti-infectives. The company's products include Viread, Emtriva, and Truvada, which are used for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection in adults; AmBisome, an antifungal agent to treat serious invasive fungal infections caused by various fungal species; Hepsera, which is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B infection; Vistide, used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis; and DaunoXome, a liposomal formulation of the anticancer agent daunorubicin, for the treatment of AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. Its products also comprise Tamiflu, which is used for the prevention and treatment of influenza; and Macugen, for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Gilead sells its products primarily through wholesalers and distributors. The company has collaborative relationships with Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; EyeTech Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Fujisawa Healthcare, Inc.; GlaxoSmithKline; Japan Tobacco, Inc.; Pfizer, Inc.; F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd.; and Sumitomo Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. Gilead was founded by Michael Riordan in 1987. The company is headquartered in Foster City, California.
QUIDEL CORPORATION (QDEL)
Quidel Corporation engages in the development, manufacture, and marketing of point-of-care (POC) rapid diagnostic solutions for infectious diseases and reproductive health. Its POC and diagnostic tests include QuickVue, QuickVue+, QuickVue Advance, RapidVue, BlueTest, and Metra. These products provide diagnostic information for acute and chronic conditions that affect women and their family's health. The company offers POC diagnostics for infectious diseases, such as Influenza, Group A Strep, Helicobacter pylori, and Mononucleosis; Reproductive Health, which include Pregnancy, Chlamydia, and Bacterial Vaginosis; and Bone Health and Oncology. Quidel's products under development include Strep A web, respiratory syncitial virus test, LTF technology platforms, and QuickVue advance pH and amines test. The company incorporates immunoassay, enzymology, biochemistry, and microbiology technology into its diagnostic products. It markets its products to its customers through a network of distributors supported by a direct sales force in the United States, and through distributors and sales agents primarily in Japan, Europe, and Latin America. Quidel sells its products to professionals for use in physician offices, hospitals, clinical laboratories, and wellness screening centers. The company was founded in 1979 and is headquartered in San Diego, California.
HUMAN GENOME SCIENCES INC (HGSI)
Human Genome Sciences, Inc. operates as a biopharmaceutical company with a pipeline of novel protein and antibody drugs. The company's drugs in clinical development include LymphoStat-BTM for the treatment of lupus and rheumatoid arthritis; AlbuferonTM for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C; HGS-ETR1, HGS-ETR2, HGS-TR2J for the treatment of solid and hematopoietic cancers; CCR5 mAb for the treatment of HIV/ AIDS; and ABthraxTM for the treatment of anthrax infection. It has various strategic partners, including GlaxoSmithKline, Takeda, Schering-Plough, Sanofi-Synthelabo, Merck KGaA, Transgene, MedImmune, Inc., and Pharmacia & Upjohn. Human Genome Sciences was founded in 1992 and is headquartered in Rockville, Maryland.
INSITE VISION INCORPORATED (ISV)
InSite Vision Incorporated, an ophthalmic product development company, develops genetically-based technology for the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of glaucoma, ocular infections, and retinal diseases. The company also focuses on ophthalmic pharmaceutical products based on its DuraSite eyedrop-based drug delivery technology. Its principal product, AzaSite, targets infections of the eye. The company has research collaborations and licensing agreements with Societa Industria Farmaceutica Italiana-S.P.A; Quest Diagnostics Incorporated; CIBA Vision Ophthalmics; UC Regents; Columbia Laboratories, Inc.; Global Damon Pharm and Kukje Pharma Ind. Co., Ltd.; and SSP Co., Ltd. InSite Vision was incorporated in 1986 and is based in Alameda, California.
XOMA, Ltd., a biopharmaceutical company, engages in the development and manufacture of antibodies and other genetically-engineered protein products to treat immunological and inflammatory disorders, cancer, and infectious diseases. The company's proprietary and collaborative product development programs include RAPTIVA, a humanized therapeutic monoclonal antibody, for the treatment of adults for moderate to severe plaque psoriasis; CHIR-12.12, an anti-CD40 antagonist antibody intended as a treatment for B-cell malignancies; and NEUPREX, a Phase II clinical trial product, IV formulation of rBPI21, a modified recombinant fragment of bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein for multiple anti-infective and antiendotoxin indications. Its development products also comprise MLN2222, a Phase II clinical trial product, a complement inhibitor under development to reduce the incidence of complications in patients undergoing surgical procedures involving the use of cardiopulmonary bypass; Gastrin, a preclinical antigastrin antibody, for Gastric cancers; ING-1, a Phase I clinical trial product, Human Engineered antibody to Ep-CAM for Adenocarcinomas; and XMP.629, a topical formulation of BPI derived antimicrobial peptide fro acne. XOMA, Ltd. also licenses its proprietary technologies relating to bacterial expression of recombinant pharmaceutical products, as well as its Human Engineering technology that allows modification of any nonhuman monoclonal antibody to reduce or eliminate detectable immunogenicity in humans to biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies. It has collaboration and license agreements with Genentech, Inc.; Chiron Corporation; Zephyr Sciences, Inc.; Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Aphton Corporation; Merck & Co., Inc.; Lexicon Genetics Incorporated; Cubist Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; and Triton BioSystems, Inc. The company was founded by Patrick J. Scannon. XOMA, Ltd. was incorporated in 1981 and is headquartered in Berkeley, California.
CELGENE CORPORATION (CELG)
Celgene Corporation engages in the discovery, development, and commercialization of therapies designed to treat cancer and immunological diseases through regulation of cellular, genomic, and proteomic targets. Its lead product, THALOMID, is used for the treatment of acute cutaneous manifestations of moderate to severe erythema nodosum leprosum, and as maintenance therapy to prevent and suppress cutaneous manifestation recurrences. The company, through a supply and distribution agreement, with GlaxoSmithKline, distributes ALKERAN, a therapy for the palliative treatment of multiple myeloma and for palliation of carcinoma of the ovary. Its RITALIN family of drugs includes Focalin (d-MPH), which is used for the treatment of attention deficit disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in school-age children. The company has various products in the preclinical and clinical-stage, including immunomodulatory drugs and selective cytokine inhibitory drugs. Celgene also produces compounds such as Benzopyrans and Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators, Kinases Inhibitors, Tubulin Inhibitors, and Ligase Modulators. The company has collaborative agreements with Novartis Pharma AG; and strategic partnership agreements with Pharmion Corporation, Penn Pharmaceuticals Services Limited, and GlaxoSmithKline. The company markets and sells its products in the United States and Canada primarily through wholesale distributors. Celgene was organized in 1980 as a unit of Celanese Corporation and was spun-off in 1986. The company is headquartered in Warren, New Jersey.
ADOLOR CORPORATION (ADLR)
Adolor Corporation, a development stage biopharmaceutical corporation, engages in the discovery, development, and commercialization of prescription pain management products primarily in the United States. Its lead product candidate, Entereg, is a small molecule, peripherally-acting mu opioid receptor antagonist. As of July 6, 2005, the company was under development of Entereg for the management of the gastrointestinal side effects associated with opioid use. Adolor other products under development include a sterile lidocaine patch, is in Phase 2 clinical development, for treating postoperative incisional pain, and analgesics for treating moderate-to-severe pain conditions. The company has collaboration agreement with Glaxo Group Limited for the development and commercialization of Entereg in multiple indications. It also has a license agreement with EpiCept Corporation to develop and commercialize a sterile lidocaine patch in North America. Adolor was formed in 1993 and is headquartered in Exton, Pennsylvania.
GENZYME CORPORATION (GENZ)
Genzyme Corporation operates as a biotechnology company. Its products and services focuses on rare genetic disorders, renal disease, kidney disease, cancer, orthopaedics, organ transplant, and diagnostic and predictive testing. The company operates in five segments: Renal, Therapeutics, Transplant, Biosurgery, and Diagnostics/Genetics. The Renal unit develops, manufactures, and distributes products that treat patients suffering from renal diseases, including chronic renal failure. The Therapeutics unit offers therapeutic products for genetic diseases; and other chronic debilitating diseases, including lysosomal storage disorders and other specialty therapeutics. The Transplant unit provides therapeutic products that address pretransplantation, prevention, and treatment of acute rejection in organ transplantation, as well as other auto-immune disorders. The Biosurgery unit develops, manufactures, and distributes biotherapeutics and biomaterial products, with an emphasis on products that meet medical needs in orthopaedics and broader surgical areas. The Diagnostics/Genetics unit offers vitro diagnostic products; and testing services for the oncology, and prenatal and reproductive markets. The company offers its products primarily to physicians, hospitals, and treatment centers in various countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Canada, Switzerland, and Germany. Genzyme Corp. has an agreement with RenaMed Biologics, Inc. to jointly develop and commercialize RenaMed's Bio-Replacement Therapy for the treatment of acute renal failure; a collaboration with De Novo Pharmaceuticals, Ltd. to apply De Novo's molecular structure generating technology to focus on a disease target of interest to Genzyme; and a collaboration agreement with Epiontis GmbH to develop quality control tests for Genzyme's cartilage repair product Carticel. The company was founded in 1981 and is based in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
AtheroGenics, Inc. engages in the discovery, development, and commercialization of therapeutics for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, including coronary heart disease, organ transplant rejection, rheumatoid arthritis, and asthma. It owns a proprietary vascular protectant technology (v-protectant) platform to discover drugs to treat these types of diseases. Based on this v-protectant platform, the company has two drug development programs. The company's AGI-1067 is a v-protectant candidate that is designed to benefit patients with coronary heart disease, which is atherosclerosis of the blood vessels of the heart. Its AGI-1067 is also being evaluated in the pivotal Phase III clinical trials called ARISE, as an oral therapy for the treatment of atherosclerosis. AtheroGenics' AGI-1096, a v-protectant candidate, is an antioxidant and selective anti-inflammatory agent for accelerated inflammation of grafted blood vessels. AGI-1096 inhibits the expression of certain inflammatory proteins, including VCAM-1, in endothelial cells lining the inside surfaces of blood vessel walls. In addition, AtheroGenics has preclinical programs in rheumatoid arthritis and asthma using its v-protectant platform. The company has collaboration agreement with Astellas Pharma. AtheroGenics was organized in 1993 and is headquartered in Alpharetta, Georgia.
ARIAD PHARMACEUTICALS INC (ARIA)
ARIAD Pharmaceuticals, Inc. engages in the discovery and development of medicines to treat cancer by regulating cell signaling with small molecules. Its lead cancer product candidate, AP23573, is an mTOR inhibitor to treat solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. AP23573 is in multiple Phase II and Ib clinical trials as a single agent in patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. Two multicenter Phase Ib studies with AP23573 in combination with other anti-cancer therapies, which are underway in Europe, focus primarily on patients with breast, ovarian, non-small-cell lung, and prostate cancers, as well as certain sarcomas. ARIAD also has an exclusive license to technology and patents related to certain NF-kB treatment methods, as well as the discovery, development, and use of drugs to regulate NF-kB cell-signaling activity, which might be useful in treating certain diseases. In addition, the company has a partnership with Medinol, Ltd., a cardiovascular medical device company, to develop and commercialize stents and other medical devices to deliver AP23573 to prevent reblockage of injured vessels following stent-assisted angioplasty, a common nonsurgical procedure for dilating or opening narrowed arteries. ARIAD was founded in 1991 by Harvey J. Berger and is headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
KING PHARMACEUTICALS INC (KG)
King Pharmaceuticals, Inc. engages in the development, manufacture, marketing, and sale of branded prescription pharmaceutical products. It offers various branded prescription products over seven therapeutic areas, including cardiovascular, endocrinology, neuroscience, critical care, anti-infective, respiratory, and other. The company also develops, manufactures, and sells auto-injectors for the self-administration of injectable drugs. In addition, King Pharmaceuticals provides contract pharmaceutical manufacturing services to third-party pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, as well as transfers company's manufacturing and marketing rights to third parties for licensing fees or royalty payments. The company distributes its branded pharmaceutical products primarily through wholesale pharmaceutical distributors and pharmacies to general/family practitioners, internal medicine physicians, cardiologists, endocrinologists, psychiatrists, neurologists, pain specialists, sleep specialists, and hospitals across the United States and in Puerto Rico. King Pharmaceuticals has a strategic collaboration relating to Intal (cromolyn sodium) and Tilade (nedocromil sodium), which includes the development of a new formulation of Intal utilizing hydrofluoroalkane, an environmentally friendly propellant; and with Pain Therapeutics, Inc. to develop and commercialize Remoxy and other abuse-resistant opioid painkillers. King Pharmaceuticals was incorporated in 1993 and is headquartered in Bristol, Tennessee.
NABI BIOPHARMACEUTICALS (NABI)
Nabi Biopharmaceuticals engages in the development and commercialization of products in the areas of Gram-positive bacterial infections, hepatitis, nephrology, and nicotine addiction. The company markets three products: PhosLo for treatment of hyperphosphatemia in end-stage renal failure patients; Nabi-HB for the prevention of hepatitis B infections; and Aloprim for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced hyperuricemia or high uric acid levels. Nabi also has products in various stages of clinical and preclinical development. Its advanced StaphVAX, which is in Phase III clinical development, is designed to prevent the most dangerous and prevalent strains of Staphylococcus aureus bacterial infections. The company's other products in development include Altastaph, an antibody for prevention of Staphylococcus aureus infections; NicVAX, a vaccine to treat nicotine addiction; and Civacir, an antibody for preventing hepatitis C virus reinfection in liver transplant patients. The company also offers contract manufacturing services. Nabi sells its biopharmaceutical products to wholesalers, distributors, hospitals, and home healthcare companies, as well as sells its antibody products to pharmaceutical and diagnostic product manufacturers. The company has strategic alliances with Public Health Services/National Institutes of Health; Chiron Corporation; Pfizer; and Cambrex BioScience of Baltimore, Inc. Nabi is headquartered in Boca Raton, Florida.
MERCK & COMPANY INC (MRK)
Merck & Co., Inc. engages in the discovery, development, manufacture, and marketing of a range of products to improve human and animal health. The company's products consist of therapeutic and preventive agents, sold by prescription, for the treatment and prevention of human disorders. It offers atherosclerosis products, which include Zocor; hypertension/heart failure products, including Cozaar, Hyzaar, and Vasotec; anti-inflammatory/analgesics, agents that specifically inhibit the COX-2 enzyme, which is responsible for pain and inflammation; an osteoporosis product, Fosamax, for treatment and prevention of osteoporosis; a respiratory product, Singulair, a leukotriene receptor antagonist for treatment of asthma and for relief of symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis; vaccines/biologicals, a live virus vaccine of chickenpox and hepatitis B vaccine; anti-bacterial/anti-fungal products, which include Primaxin, Cancidas, and Invanz; a urology product, Proscar, for treatment of symptomatic benign prostate enlargement; and HIV products, including Stocrin and Crixivan for the treatment of human immunodeficiency viral infection in adults. Its other products include Maxalt, for the treatment of acute migraine headaches in adults; and Propecia, for the treatment of male pattern hair loss. Merck & Co. has a collaboration agreement with Celera Diagnostics to develop treatments for Alzheimer's disease; and with Foxhollow Technologies, Inc. to focus on analyzing atherosclerotic plaque removed from patient arteries as a means of identifying biomarkers of atherosclerotic disease progression for use in the development of cardiovascular compounds. The company sells its products to drug wholesalers and retailers; hospitals; clinics; government agencies; and managed health care providers, such as health maintenance organizations and other institutions through its professional representatives. Merck & Co. was established in 1891 and is headquartered in Whitehouse Station, New Jersey.
ONYX PHARMACEUTICALS INC (ONXX)
Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, engages in the discovery and development of small molecule drugs for the treatment of cancer. Its primary product includes sorafenib, a Phase III orally available signal transduction inhibitor, inhibits proliferation of cancer cells and angiogenesis. In addition, sorafenib inhibits VEGFR-2 and PDGFR-ß, two proteins involved in angiogenesis, and other proteins that might be implicated in cancer. The company also develops PD 332991, a Phase I clinical trial product, a small molecule cell cycle inhibitor targeting a cyclin-dependent kinase. Onyx Pharmaceuticals has collaboration agreement with Bayer Pharmaceuticals Corporation to discover, develop, and market compounds that inhibit the function, or modulate the activity, of the RAS signaling pathway to treat cancer and other diseases. The company was established in 1992 and is headquartered in Emeryville, California.
Johnson & Johnson engages in the manufacture and sale of various products in the health care field primarily in the United States. It operates through three segments: Consumer, Pharmaceutical, and Medical Devices and Diagnostics (MDD). Consumer segment manufactures and markets a range of products used in the baby and child care, skin care, oral and wound care, and women's health care fields, as well as over-the-counter pharmaceutical and nutritional products. These products are marketed primarily to the general public; and sold to wholesalers, and directly to independent and chain retail outlets worldwide. Pharmaceutical segment franchises various products in the anti-fungal, anti-infective, cardiovascular, contraceptive, dermatology, gastrointestinal, hematology, immunology, neurology, oncology, pain management, psychotropic, and urology fields. These products are distributed directly, and through wholesalers and health care professionals for use by prescription by the general public. MDD segment offers a range of products, including wound care and women's health products; minimally invasive surgical products; circulatory disease management products; blood glucose monitoring products; professional diagnostic products; orthopedic joint reconstruction, spinal, and sports medicine products; and disposable contact lenses. These products are distributed directly and through surgical suppliers and other dealers for use by or under the direction of physicians, nurses, therapists, hospitals, diagnostic laboratories, and clinics. Johnson & Johnson has an agreement with Bayer AG to jointly develop and market a compound labelled BAY 59-7939 for the prevention and treatment of thrombosis. The company was founded by Robert Wood Johnson in 1887. Johnson & Johnson is headquartered in New Brunswick, New Jersey.
VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INCORPORATED (VRTX)
Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, a biotechnology company, engages in the discovery, development, and commercialization of small molecule drugs for HIV infection, chronic hepatitis C virus infection, inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, cancer, pain, and bacterial infection. It offers Lexiva/Telzir and Agenerase for HIV infection. The company is developing Merimepodib and VX-950, which are in phase I and phase II stage; VX-765, VX-702, and Pralnacasan that are in phase II stage; VX-680, VX-944, and VX-322, which are in phase I and preclinical stage; and VX-409 and VX-692, that are in preclinical stage. Vertex Pharmaceuticals has collaboration agreements with Aventis S.A.; GlaxoSmithKline plc; Novartis Pharma AG; Merck & Co., Inc.; Mitsubishi Pharma Corp.; and Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics Incorporated. It also has collaboration agreements with Schering AG; Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; and Eli Lilly and Company. In addition, it has a licensing agreement with Avalon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for the development and commercialization of the IMPDH inhibitor VX-944 for the treatment of cancer. Vertex Pharmaceuticals was founded by Joshua Boger in 1989 and is headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Genentech, Inc., a biotechnology company, engages in the discovery, development, manufacture, and commercialization of biotherapeutics for medical needs. It manufactures and commercializes multiple products for a variety of medical conditions, including cancer, heart attack, allergic asthma, psoriasis, stroke, growth hormone deficiency, and cystic fibrosis in the United States. The company's product portfolio comprises Rituxan, an anti-CD20 antibody; Herceptin, an anti-HER2 antibody; Nutropin Depot growth hormone; Nutropin growth hormone; Protropin growth hormone; Nutropin AQ, a liquid formulation growth hormone; TNKase, a thrombolytic agent; Activase, a tissue plasminogen activator; Cathflo Activase; Pulmozyme, an inhalation solution; Xolair, an anti-IgE antibody; Raptiva, an anti-CD11a antibody; and Avastin, a humanized antibody. It also licenses various additional products to other companies. Genentech's products under development cover various medical conditions, including cancer, respiratory disorders, cardiovascular diseases, endocrine disorders, and inflammatory and immune problems. In addition, the company, jointly with Rinat Neuroscience Corp., develops RI 624, a humanized monoclonal antibody that blocks nerve growth factor. Genentech has collaboration agreements with Array Biopharma, Inc. and Curis, Inc. for the discovery of targeted small-molecule drugs for the treatment of cancer; with Accelerate Brain Cancer Cure relating to Avastin in patients with glioblastoma multiforme, a form of brain cancer; with PIramed, Ltd. to develop anti-cancer drugs; and with Lexicon Genetics, Inc. to discover and develop biotherapeutic drugs. The company's products are sold primarily to wholesalers, specialty distributors, or directly to hospital pharmacies. Genentech was founded by Robert A. Swanson and Herbert W. Boyer in 1975. The company is headquartered in South San Francisco, California.
GLAXOSMITHKLINE PLC (GSK)
GlaxoSmithKline plc engages in the creation, discovery, development, manufacture, and marketing of pharmaceutical and consumer health-related products worldwide. The company operates in two segments, Pharmaceuticals and Consumer Healthcare. The Pharmaceutical segment offers prescription pharmaceuticals and vaccines. Its primary pharmaceutical products include medicines in nine therapeutic areas, including central nervous system, respiratory, anti-virals, anti-bacterials, vaccines, oncology and emesis, metabolic, cardiovascular, and urogenital. The Consumer Healthcare segment provides various over-the-counter medicines, oral care, and nutritional healthcare products. Its oral care products include toothpastes and mouthwashes, toothbrushes, and denture care products. Its nutritional healthcare products include glucose energy and sports drinks, a blackcurrant juice-based drink with vitamin C, and a range of milk-based malted food and chocolate drinks. GlaxoSmithKline has a strategic alliance with Theravance, Inc. to develop and commercialise medicines across a various therapeutic areas; Cytokinetics, Inc. to discover, develop, and commercialize small molecule drugs targeting kinesin spindle protein and certain other cytoskeletal proteins involved in cell proliferation for applications in the treatment of cancer and other diseases; and a partnership with Aeras Global TB Vaccine Foundation to develop GSK Biologicals' tuberculosis candidate vaccine Mtb72F/AS02A. The company was founded in 1935 and is headquartered in London.
Alkermes, Inc. develops pharmaceutical products based on drug delivery technologies. The company's commercial product, Risperdal Consta, is an antipsychotic medication approved for use in schizophrenia and is marketed worldwide. Its product candidate under development, Vivitrex, is a once-a-month injection for the treatment of alcohol and opioid dependence. The company has a pipeline of extended-release injectable and pulmonary drug products based on its proprietary technologies, ProLease and Medisorb, as well as inhaled drug products based on AIR technology. The company has collaborations with Cephalon, Inc., Janssen-Cilag, Eli Lilly and Company, Serono S.A., and Amylin Pharmaceutical, Inc. Alkermes was founded in 1987 and is headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
IMCLONE SYSTEMS INCORPORATED (IMCL)
ImClone Systems Incorporated, a biopharmaceutical company, engages in developing and commercializing biologic medicines in the area of oncology in the United States. Its research and development programs include growth factor blockers and angiogenesis inhibitors. The company's primary product, ERBITUX, is an antibody for use in combination with irinotecan in the treatment of patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-expressing, metastatic colorectal cancer who are refractory to irinotecan-based chemotherapy and for use as a single agent in the treatment of patients with EGFR-expressing, metastatic colorectal cancer who are intolerant to irinotecan-based chemotherapy. ERBITUX binds specifically to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, HER1, c-ErbB-1) on both normal and tumor cells, and inhibits the binding of epidermal growth factor and other ligands, such as transforming growth factor-alpha. The company also conducts registration studies evaluating ERBITUX for the treatment of colorectal, head and neck, lung, and pancreatic cancers, as well as other indications. In addition, it develops cancer vaccines, as well as investigational inhibitors of angiogenesis, which could be used to treat various kinds of cancer and other diseases. ImClone Systems has collaboration agreements with Bristol-Myers Squibb Company for developing and promoting ERBITUX in the United States, Canada, and Japan; and with Merck KGaA for the development and commercialization of the recombinant gp75 antigen product candidate and ERBITUX. The company was founded in 1984 and is headquartered in New York City.
AMYLIN PHARMACEUTICALS INC (AMLN)
Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc. engages in the discovery, development, and commercialization of drug candidates for the treatment of diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. Its primary drug candidates include exenatide and SYMLIN, which have completed phase III clinical trials for the treatment of diabetes. The company is developing exenatide for the treatment of type II diabetes, as well as studying a sustained release formulation of exenatide. Amylin Pharmaceuticals is developing SYMLIN for the treatment of patients with type I diabetes and insulin-using patients with type II diabetes. SYMLIN injection received the United States Food and Drug Administration approval for use in conjunction with insulin to treat diabetes. The company also has two early stage development programs for the treatment of obesity, including a phase II program for AC137 and AC162352 that completed a Phase I study. In addition, it is studying AC2592, which is in a phase II program for the treatment of patients with severe congestive heart failure, as well as AC3056, which is in phase I program for the treatment of atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular disease. Amylin Pharmaceuticals has a collaboration agreement with Eli Lilly and Company for the development and commercialization of exenatide, including sustained release formulations of that compound. It also has a collaboration agreement with Alkermes, Inc. for the development, manufacture, and commercialization of an injectable sustained-release formulation of exenatide. The company was co-founded by Howard E. Greene, Jr in 1987. Amylin Pharmaceuticals is headquartered in San Diego, California.
DENDREON CORPORATION (DNDN)
Dendreon Corporation, a biotechnology company, engages in the discovery, development, and commercialization of targeted therapies for cancer. Its portfolio of product candidates includes therapeutic vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, and small molecules to treat a range of cancers. The company's lead product candidate, Provenge (sipuleucel-T), is an investigational active cellular immunotherapy in Phase III clinical trials for the treatment of metastatic, androgen independent prostate cancer. In addition, Dendreon completed Phase I clinical trials for Neuvenge (lapuleucel-T), an investigational active cellular immunotherapy for the treatment of breast, ovarian, and other solid tumors. Its preclinical programs include monoclonal antibodies, therapies targeting the trp-p8 pathway and serine protease product candidates for the treatment of cancer. The company has research and development alliances with Genentech, Inc.; Abgenix, Inc.; and Dyax Corp. Dendreon was formed in 1992 and is headquartered in Seattle, Washington.
AstraZeneca PLC, a pharmaceutical company, engages in the research, development, manufacture, and marketing of prescription pharmaceuticals, as well as the supply of healthcare services worldwide. It provides medicines designed to fight disease in areas of medical need, such as cancer, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, infection, neuroscience, and respiratory. The company's product portfolio includes Casodex, Arimidex, and Faslodex for treating cancer; disease Nexium for gastrointestinal problems; Symbicort for asthma; Atacand for treating hypertension; Crestor for treating high cholesterol; Zomig for treating migraine; and Seroquel for treating schizophrenia. AstraZeneca has strategic alliance with Cambridge Antibody Technology (CAT) for discovering and developing human antibody therapeutics in inflammatory disorders. In addition, it also engages in research and development, manufacture, and marketing of medical devices and implants for use in healthcare. AstraZeneca has a collaboration agreement with Caprion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. focused on the discovery of targets for the treatment of prostate cancer; with Avanir Pharmaceuticals to evaluate the human safety of AZD2479, a compound under development as reverse cholesterol transport enhancer; with University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center for integrated preclinical and clinical research on new treatments for cancer, focusing initially on aerodigestive diseases; and with Targacept, Inc. to develop and commercialize Targacept's phase II compound TC-1734 to treat Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. The company was incorporated in 1992 and was formerly known as Zeneca Group PLC and changed its name to AstraZeneca PLC in 1999. AstraZeneca PLC is headquartered in London.
Cell Genesys, Inc., a biotechnology company, engages in the research, development, and commercialization of biological therapies for patients with cancer. The company develops cell-based cancer vaccines, oncolytic virus therapies, and antiangiogenesis therapies to treat various types of cancer. Its clinical stage cancer programs comprise cell- or viral-based products that have been genetically modified during product development to impart disease-fighting characteristics. The company's clinical-stage programs include GVAX cancer vaccines and oncolytic virus therapies. Cell Genesys' GVAX cancer vaccines program includes Phase 3 clinical trials for prostate cancer and Phase 2 clinical trials for pancreatic cancer and leukemia. The company's oncolytic virus therapies program includes a Phase 1 trial of CG0070 oncolytic virus therapy for bladder cancer and other types of cancer. It has a strategic alliance with Novartis AG to develop and commercialize oncolytic virus therapies, and has collaboration agreements with Medarex, Inc. and Abgenix, Inc. Cell Genesys was incorporated in 1988 and is headquartered in South San Francisco, California.
INCYTE CORPORATION (INCY)
Incyte Corporation engages in the discovery and development of small molecule drugs to treat medical conditions, including the infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), inflammatory disorders, cancer, and diabetes. Its primary product candidate Reverset is a nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor for use in combination with other antiviral drugs for patients with HIV infections, and is in phase IIb clinical trials. In addition, the company's drug discovery programs underway include CCR2 Receptor Antagonist Program and Sheddase Inhibitor Program. CCR2 Receptor Antagonist Program is focused on developing antagonists to a key chemokine receptor involved in inflammation called CCR2. CCR2 is a chemokine receptor found on monocytes that controls their migration into sites of inflammation. The primary products candidate form this program is in phase IIa clinical trial in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The Sheddase Inhibitor Program involves sheddase inhibitors that would have application in the treatment of breast cancer and other tumor types and is in phase I clinical trials. The company markets its products in the United States and in Austria, Belgium, Canada, France, Denmark, Germany, Israel, Japan, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Incyte has collaborative agreement with Pharmasset, Inc.; Senomyx, Inc.; Genomic Health, Inc.; Pfizer, Inc.; and Medarex, Inc. Incyte was founded in 1991 and is headquartered in Wilmington, Delaware.
Medarex, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, engages in the discovery, development, and commercialization of human antibody-based therapeutic products. The company's UltiMAb human antibody development system enables to create and develop antibodies products for a range of diseases, including cancer and rheumatoid arthritis, as well as for other inflammatory, autoimmune, and infectious diseases. As of March 31, 2005, the company had 22 antibody product candidates generated from its UltiMAb Human Antibody Development System that were in human clinical trials for the treatment of a range of diseases. In addition, its preclinical and clinical development of therapeutic antibody products pipeline include product candidates MDX-010, which is developing jointly with Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, for the treatment of metastatic melanoma and other cancers; MDX-060 for lymphomas; MDX-070 for prostate cancer; MDX-214 for cancer; and MDX-1307 for genitourinary and breast cancers. Further, the company is developing MDX-066, jointly with The Massachusetts Biologic Laboratories of the University of Massachusetts Medical School, for the treatment of Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea; as well as MDX-018, jointly developing with Genmab A/S for autoimmune disease. As of March 1, 2005, Medarex had approximately 50 partnerships with pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies to jointly develop and commercialize products or to enable other companies to use its proprietary technology in their development of new therapeutic products. The company also has a strategic alliance agreement with Devon Health Services, Inc. to form a clinical trials organization. Medarex was founded in 1987 and is headquartered in Princeton, New Jersey.
NexMed, Inc., a pharmaceutical and medical technology company, engages in the design, development, manufacture, and commercialization of therapeutic products based on proprietary delivery systems. It develops transdermal treatments based on the NexACT drug delivery technology, which might enable an active drug to be better absorbed through the skin. The NexACT transdermal drug delivery technology is designed for the absorption of an active drug through the skin and enabling high concentrations of the active drug to penetrate the desired site of the skin or extremity. The company's primary NexACT product under development is the Alprox-TD cream treatment for erectile dysfunction. NexMed also develops Femprox an alprostadil-based cream product intended for the treatment of female sexual arousal disorder; NM100060 nail lacquer topical solution; NM100061 early ejaculation cream; NM100064 arthritic pain patch; NM100065 anti-emetic patch; and NM100080 wound healing/decubitus ulcers cream. The company operates in the United States and Hong Kong. NexMed was incorporated in 1987 and is based in Robbinsville, New Jersey.
INVITROGEN CORPORATION (IVGN)
Invitrogen Corporation provides products and services that support academic and government research institutions, and pharmaceutical and biotech companies in the United States and Europe. It operates in two segments, BioDiscovery and BioProduction. BioDiscovery segment includes functional genomics, cell biology, and drug discovery product lines. This segment also comprises a range of enzymes, nucleic acids, and other biochemicals and reagents. The company also offers software through this segment that enables analysis and interpretation of genomic, proteomic, and other biomolecular data for application in pharmaceutical, therapeutic, and diagnostic development. BioProduction segment includes various cell culture products and biological testing services. Its products comprise sera, cell, and tissue culture media; reagents used in both life sciences research and in processes to grow cells in the laboratory and to produce pharmaceuticals; and other materials made through cultured cells. BioProduction's services include testing to ensure that biologics are free of disease-causing agents or do not cause adverse effects; characterization of products' chemical structures; development of formulations; and validation of purification processes under regulatory guidelines. It also manufactures biologics on behalf of clients both for use in clinical trials and for the worldwide commercial market. The company serves the life sciences research market; biotechnology, pharmaceutical, energy, agricultural, and chemical companies; and industries that apply genetic engineering to the commercial production. It supplies its products through its own sales force and agents or distributors. Invitrogen has collaboration with Families of Spinal Muscular Atrophy to identify biological targets that are linked to the causes and symptoms of spinal muscular atrophy. The company was founded in 1987 and is headquartered in Carlsbad, California.
MYRIAD GENETICS INC (MYGN)
Myriad Genetics, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, engages in the development and marketing of therapeutic and molecular diagnostic products. Its lead drug candidate is Flurizan, a therapeutic drug for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, which completed a Phase II human clinical trial in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. Flurizan is also in a Phase IIb human clinical trial for the treatment of patients with premetastatic prostate cancer. The company's other products under development include MPC-6827, a small-molecule drug candidate that inhibits tubulin, an important protein involved in cell division for treatment of advanced solid tumors or metastatic brain tumors; MPC-2130, a novel apoptosis inducing small molecule for the treatment of metastatic tumors or blood cancers, as well as refractory cancer, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer; and MPI-49839, a viral budding inhibitor for the treatment of AIDS. It also offers various predictive medicine products, including BRACAnalysis, which assesses a woman's risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer; COLARIS and COLARIS AP, which determine a person's risk of developing colon cancer; and MELARIS, which assesses a person's risk of developing malignant melanoma. Myriad Genetics has strategic alliances with Abbott Laboratories and E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company. The company was founded in 1991 and is headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah.
BIOMARIN PHARMACEUTICAL INC (BMRN)
BioMarin Pharmaceutical, Inc. engages in the development and commercialization of biopharmaceuticals and therapeutics for serious diseases and medical conditions. Its product portfolio comprises three approved products and various investigational product candidates. The company offers Aldurazyme, an enzyme replacement therapy for the treatment of mucopolysaccharidosis I, a progressive and debilitating life-threatening genetic disease that frequently results in death during childhood or early adulthood; Naglazyme, an enzyme replacement therapy for the treatment of mucopolysaccharidosis VI, an inherited, life-threatening lysosomal storage disorder; and Orapred, a drug primarily used to treat asthma exacerbations in children and other inflammatory conditions. BioMarin is also developing additional proprietary formulations of Orapred, including Orapred ODT (orally disintegrating tablets), which is under U.S. FDA review. In addition, the company is developing various other product candidates, including Phenoptin, a proprietary synthetic oral form of tetrahydrobiopterin for the treatment of moderate to mild forms of phenylketonuria (PKU); Phenylase, a preclinical-stage enzyme substitution therapy for the treatment of the more severe form of PKU; and 6R-BH4 for vascular dysfunction. BioMarin has a joint venture, BioMarin/Genzyme LLC, with Genzyme Corporation for the development and commercialization of Aldurazyme, as well as a strategic business partnership with Daiichi Suntory Pharma Co., Ltd. and Serono for Phenoptin, Phenylase and 6R-BH4 for cardiovascular indications. The company was founded in 1996 and is headquartered in Novato, California.
PDL BioPharma, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, engages in the research, development, and commercialization of therapies for treatment of inflammation and autoimmune diseases, acute cardiac conditions, and cancer. It markets and distributes various biopharmaceutical products, including Cardene I.V. for the short-term treatment of hypertension; Retavase, a fibrinolytic agent for the management of acute myocardial infarction or heart attack in adults for the improvement of ventricular function; and IV Busulfex that is used as a conditioning agent in blood or marrow transplantation in chronic myelogenous leukemia. The company also develops various other products, such as Daclizumab for the treatment of asthma and multiple Sclerosis; Ularitide to treat decompensated congestive heart failure; Terlipressin for the treatment of Type 1 hepatorenal syndrome; HuZAF to treat crohn's disease; Nuvion for the treatment of severe steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis; and M200 to treat solid tumors. PDL BioPharma markets its biopharmaceutical products in the United States and Canada through its hospital sales force. The company was founded by Laurence Jay Korn in 1986. It was formerly known as Protein Design Labs, Inc. and changed its name to PDL BioPharma, Inc. in June 2005. PDL BioPharma is headquartered in Fremont, California.
Allergan, Inc. engages in the development and commercialization of pharmaceutical products for the ophthalmic, neurological, dermatological, and other markets. It engages in pharmaceutical research related to disease areas, such as glaucoma, retinal disease, dry eye, psoriasis, acne, and movement disorders. The company also offers aesthetic-related pharmaceuticals and over-the-counter products. Allergan offers prescription and nonprescription products to treat diseases and disorders of the eye, including glaucoma, dry eye, inflammation, infection, and allergy. Its glaucoma treatment products include Alphagan and Alphagan P, a brimonidine tartrate ophthalmic solution; Lumigan, a bimatoprost ophthalmic solution; and Restasis, a cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion. Its ophthalmic anti-inflammatory products include Acular and Acular LS, as well as Pred Forte, a topical steroid. The company's ophthalmic infection treatment products include Ocuflox, Oflox, Zymar, and Exocin. It offers Alocril and Elestat ophthalmic solutions for the treatment of itch associated with allergic conjunctivitis. The company's neuromodulator product, Botox, is used therapeutically in the treatment of neuromuscular disorders. Allergan's skin care products include Tazorac gel for the treatment of plaque psoriasis; Azelex cream used in the topical treatment of mild to moderate inflammatory acne; Avage, a tazarotene cream indicated for the treatment of facial fine wrinkling, mottled hypo and hyperpigmentation, and benign facial lentigines; Prevagetm, an antioxidant cream, that reduces the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, as well as provides protection against sun damage, air pollution, and cigarette smoke; and glycolic acid-based products. Allegran, Inc. has a strategic research collaboration agreement with ExonHit Therapeutics to identify new molecular targets based on ExonHits' gene profiling DATAS technology. Allegran was incorporated in 1948 and is headquartered in Irvine, California.
PENWEST PHARMACEUTICALS CO (PPCO)
Penwest Pharmaceuticals Co. develops pharmaceutical products based on proprietary oral drug delivery technologies primarily in North America and Europe. The company is developing two drug development pipelines, which include oxymorphone ER, an extended release formulation of oxymorphone, a narcotic analgesic being developed for twice-a-day dosing in patients with moderate to severe pain requiring opioid therapy for an extended period of time; and PW2101, a beta blocker intended for the treatment of hypertension and angina. Its drug delivery technologies include TIMERx, an extended release delivery system that is adaptable to soluble and insoluble drugs, as well as flexible for a various controlled release profiles; Geminex, a dual drug delivery system to provide independent release of different active ingredients contained in a drug; SyncroDose, a drug delivery system to release the active ingredient of a drug at the desired site and time in the digestive tract; and Gastroretentive system, a drug delivery system to provide controlled release delivery of drugs that are absorbed in the stomach and upper portions of the GI tract, without a loss of bioavailability. Penwest Pharmaceuticals is also developing various additional product candidates in areas, such as edema, epilepsy, schizophrenia, and depression. The company has a collaboration agreement with Endo Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for the development of oxymorphone ER product. Penwest Pharmaceuticals is headquartered in Danbury, Connecticut.
Novavax, Inc. engages in the research, development, and commercialization of products for women's health and infectious diseases. Its primary product candidate ESTRASORB, a topical emulsion for estrogen therapy, is used for the treatment of vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause. The company's other products comprise a line of prenatal multivitamin tablets, including Novanatal, NovaStart, and Nestabs for use before, during, and after pregnancy; Gynodiol, an oral estrogen replacement therapy; AVC Cream for the treatment of vaginal infection; and Analpram HC for relief of inflammation and pruritus associated with conditions, such as hemorrhoids and anal fissures. Novavax is also developing ANDROSORB, a topical lotion for testosterone replacement therapy in women; ANDRO-Ject, which delivers therapeutic levels of androgen using a subcutaneous testosterone delivery system; and delivery systems, and therapeutic and preventative vaccines for various markets. In addition, the company conducts research and development on preventative vaccines and proteins for infectious diseases and cancers; and tolerogens to prevent the initiation and progression of stroke, heart attack, and other inflammatory diseases. Novavax has collaborative agreements with the National Institutes of Health for the development of AIDS vaccine and an avian flu vaccine to prevent a pandemic outbreak; National Cancer Institute to develop anticancer vaccines for the treatment of melanoma; NIAID, Walter Reed Army Institute for Research, and GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals for the development of vaccines to prevent hepatitis caused by Hepatitis E virus; and with Wave Biotech LLC to develop pandemic influenza vaccine production technologies. The company sells its products to obstetricians, gynecologists, managed care organizations, wholesalers, and retail pharmacies through direct sales force and distributors in the United States. Novavax was formed in 1987 and is headquartered in Malvern, Pennsylvania.
Cephalon, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, engages in the discovery, development, and marketing of products to treat sleep disorders, neurological disorders, cancer, and pain primarily in the United States. The company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, CIMA LABS INC., also develops and manufactures orally disintegrating tablets using proprietary technologies. It markets three proprietary products, including Provigil for treating of excessive sleepiness associated with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome and shift work sleep disorder; Actiq for treating pain in opiod-tolerant cancer patients; and Gabitril, which is used as an adjunct therapy for treatment of partial seizures associated with epilepsy. The company sells its products primarily in North America and Europe. Cephalon has an agreement with Bio3 Research and Creabilis to develop K 252a-based products as topical therapies for psoriasis and for the treatment and prevention of restenosis. The company was founded by Frank Baldino, Jr. and is headquartered in West Chester, Pennsylvania.
Immunomedics, Inc. engages in the development, manufacture, and commercialization of diagnostic imaging and therapeutic products for the detection and treatment of cancer, autoimmune, and other diseases. The company offers its CEA-Scan, a diagnostic imaging agent used for the detection of colorectal cancers, in the United States and Canada, as well as in Europe. It offers its LeukoScan, a diagnostic product used for the detection of bone infections, in Europe and Australia. Immunomedics' therapeutic product candidates primarily comprised epratuzumab, which completed certain Phase II clinical trials for the treatment of nonHodgkin's lymphoma, as well as labetuzumab, which was in Phase I/II clinical trials for the treatment of certain solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, as of June 30, 2004. The company was founded by David M. Goldenberg. Immunomedics was incorporated in 1982 and is headquartered in Morris Plains, New Jersey.
Affymetrix, Inc. engages in the development, manufacture, sale, and service of systems for genetic analysis for use in the life sciences and in clinical diagnostics. The company's GeneChip system consists of components, including disposable probe arrays containing genetic information on a chip, reagents for extracting, amplifying, and labeling target nucleic acids, a fluidics station for introducing the test sample to the probe arrays, a hybridization oven for optimizing the binding of samples to the probe arrays, a scanner to read the fluorescent image from the probe arrays, and software to analyze and manage the resulting genetic information. The company also offers related microarray technology, which includes instrumentation, software, and licenses for fabricating, scanning, collecting, and analyzing results from low density microarrays. It sells its products to pharmaceutical, biotechnology, agrichemical, diagnostics, and consumer products companies, as well as academic research centers, government research laboratories, private foundation laboratories, and clinical reference laboratories in North America and Europe. Affymetrix has an agreement with The Jeffrey Modell Foundation and National Human Genome Research Institute to develop two molecular DNA tests that could help save the lives of children born with severe combined immunodeficiency and other primary immunodeficiency disorders; a collaboration with CureSearch Children's Oncology Group to discover and validate gene expression signatures, or genetic fingerprints, for various common childhood cancers, including leukemia and sarcoma, a common solid tumor; and a collaboration with Imperial College London and the Medical Research Council to discover the genetic variations associated with cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. The company was founded in 1991 and is headquartered in Santa Clara, California.
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES INC (ASTM)
Aastrom Biosciences, Inc., a development stage company, develops patient-specific products for the repair or regeneration of human tissues, utilizing its proprietary adult stem cell technology. Its lead products include tissue repair cells (TRCs), which are a mixture of bone marrow-derived adult stem and progenitor cells, produced outside of the body or ‘ex vivo' from a small amount of bone marrow taken from the patient. The company also offers AastromReplicell System, a patented, integrated system of instrumentation and single-use consumable kits for the commercial production of human cells. Aastrom Biosciences is developing TRCs for the treatment of severe bone fractures, ischemic vascular disease, jaw reconstruction, and spine fusion. It also focuses on the utilization of TRCs in the areas of bone regeneration and vascular regeneration in limb ischemia resulting from diabetes and other diseases. The company has a strategic alliance with Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation to develop and commercialize treatments for the regeneration of tissues, such as bone and cartilage. Aastrom Biosciences was incorporated in 1989 and is headquartered in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
PEREGRINE PHARMACEUTICALS INC (PPHM)
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, engages in the research, development, manufacture, and commercialization of biotherapeutics for the treatment of cancer, viruses, and other diseases using targeted antibodies. The company's products portfolio includes Cotara for brain cancer, which is in Phase II/III registration trial, and Tarvacin, an anti-phospholipid therapy agent for the treatment of solid tumors and chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Its vascular research programs fall under various technology platforms, including tumor necrosis therapy, antiphospholipid therapy, vascular targeting agents, antiangiogenesis, and vasopermeation enhancement agent technology. In addition, the company, through its wholly owned subsidiary, Avid Bioservices, Inc., provides a range of contract manufacturing services, including contract manufacturing of antibodies and proteins, cell culture development, process development, and testing of biologics for biopharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. The company was founded in 1981 as Techniclone International Corporation. It changed its name to Techniclone Corporation in 1997 and to Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in 2000. Peregrine Pharmaceuticals is based in Tustin, California.
ALEXION PHARMACEUTICALS INC (ALXN)
Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., together with its subsidiaries, engages in the discovery and development of biologic therapeutic products for the treatment of severe diseases. It develops therapeutic products for the treatment of hematologic and cardiovascular disorders, autoimmune diseases, and cancer; and additional antibody therapeutics for other medical needs. The company primarily develops two lead product candidates, eculizumab and pexelizumab, which address specific diseases that arise when the human immune system produces inflammation in the human body. Eculizumab is in phase III clinical development for treatment of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria, a chronic hematologic disease. Pexelizumab is in clinical development for the reduction of the incidence of death, myocardial infarction or heart attack, and other complications associated with coronary artery bypass graft surgery; and for acute myocardial infarction. Alexion Pharmaceuticals has a strategic alliance with Procter and Gamble Pharmaceuticals for the development of pexelizumab. The company was co-founded by Leonard Bell, Stephen P. Squinto, Scott A. Rollins, and Joseph A. Madri in 1992. Alexion Pharmaceuticals is headquartered in Cheshire, Connecticut.
The Medicines Company, a pharmaceutical company, engages in the acquisition, development, and commercialization of acute care hospital products. The company offers Angiomax, a direct thrombin inhibitor, for use as an anticoagulant in patients with unstable angina undergoing coronary angioplasty. It also develops clevelox, an intravenous drug intended for the short-term control of blood pressure in surgical patients, including patients undergoing cardiac surgery; and cangrelor, an antiplatelet agent that prevents platelet aggregation. The company markets, distributes, and sells its products to hospital management, physicians, hospital pharmacists, nurses, and other care staff in the United States, as well as through third-party distributors internationally. It has licensing agreements with Biogen Idec, Inc. and AstraZeneca AB. The company was founded in 1996 and is headquartered in Parsippany, New Jersey.
ARENA PHARMACEUTICALS INC (ARNA)
Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company, focuses on the discovery, development, and commercialization of drugs in the therapeutic areas of metabolic, cardiovascular, inflammatory, and central nervous system diseases. The company is developing a pipeline of compounds that act on drug targets called G protein-coupled receptors, using its proprietary technologies, including Constitutively Activated Receptor Technology and Melanophore. Arena's products principally include APD356, a Phase II clinical trial 5-HT2C serotonin receptor agonist, which would be used for the treatment of obesity; and APD125, a Phase I clinical trial product, for the treatment of insomnia. Arena Pharmaceuticals has research collaborations with Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical, Inc. and Merck & Co., Inc. for products in various indications. The company was co-founded by Dominic P. Behan and Jack Lief. Arena Pharmaceuticals was incorporated in 1997 and is based in San Diego, California.
ISIS PHARMACEUTICALS INC (ISIS)
Isis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, engages in the discovery and development of drugs to treat various therapeutic areas, including inflammatory, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases, as well as cancer. The company operates through two segments, Drug Discovery and Development, and Ibis. The Drug Discovery and Development segment develops antisense inhibitors through its proprietary technology. The company markets its antisense drug, Vitravene, for the treatment of cytomegalovirus and retinitis in AIDS patients in the United States and Europe. It also develops new formulations of antisense drugs, such as oral, topical cream, subcutaneous, intravitreal, aerosol, and enema. The company's drugs under development include Alicaforsen for Ulcerative Colitis in Phase II clinical trial and ISIS 113715 for diabetes in Phase II clinical trial. In addition, it develops second-generation inhibitors, such as apoB-100 for the lowering of cholesterol and ISIS 301012, a Phase I study of an oral capsule formulation. The Ibis segment offers Triangulation Identification for Genetic Evaluation of Risks (TIGER) technology, a biosensor system, for identification of infectious diseases. TIGER biosensor system identifies various bacteria and viruses in both environmental and human clinical samples and used for epidemiological surveillance, biological products screening, and microbial forensics applications. The company has strategic alliance and collaboration agreements with Novartis Ophthalmics AG; Ercole Biotech, Inc.; Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; OncoGenex Technologies, Inc.; Santaris Pharma A/S; Eli Lilly and Company; Antisense Therapeutics, Ltd.; and Sarissa, Inc. Isis Pharmaceuticals was founded in 1989 and is headquartered in Carlsbad, California.
UNITED THERAPEUTICS CORPORATION (UTHR)
United Therapeutics Corporation (UTC), a biotechnology company, engages in the development and commercialization of therapeutic products for patients with chronic and life-threatening cardiovascular, cancer, and infectious diseases. The company's primary product, Remodulin, an injection for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with NYHA class II-IV symptoms to diminish symptoms associated with exercise. UTC also develops four therapeutic platforms: immunotherapeutic monoclonal antibodies, which are antibodies that activate patients' immune systems to treat cancer, including OvaRex, which would be used for the treatment of metastatic ovarian cancer; glycobiology antiviral agents that are small molecules and would be used as an oral therapy for hepatitis C and other infections; telemedicine, which includes sportable digital devices that enable physicians to remotely monitor patients' bodily measurements such as heart function, including the CardioPAL family of cardiac event recorders and the Decipher Holter monitors; and arginine formulations, including the HeartBar and other products, which deliver the amino acid arginine that is necessary for maintaining vascular function. The company was founded in 1996 as Lung Rx, Inc. and changed its name to United Therapeutics Corporation in 1997. UTC was founded by Martine Rothblatt. United Therapeutics Corporation is headquartered in Silver Spring, Maryland.
CV THERAPEUTICS INC (CVTX)
CV Therapeutics, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, engages in the discovery, development, and commercialization of small molecule drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Its lead clinical development product includes Ranexa, which would be used for the treatment of chronic angina, a debilitating heart condition. The company also develops Regadenoson, a Phase III clinical trial product, an A2A-adenosine receptor agonist for use as a pharmacologic agent in cardiac perfusion imaging studies; Tecadenoson, a Phase III clinical trial product, an A1-adenosine receptor agonist for the reduction of rapid heart rate during atrial arrhythmias; and Adentri, a Phase II clinical trial product, an A1-adenosine receptor antagonist for the treatment of congestive heart failure. It also has various products in the pre-clinical stage development. It has collaboration agreement with Biogen, Inc. and Fujisawa Healthcare, Inc. In addition, the company is co-promoting ACEON tablets, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, with its collaborative partner, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc. CV Therapeutics was founded in 1990 and is headquartered in Palo Alto, California.
CUBIST PHARMACEUTICALS INC (CBST)
Cubist Pharmaceuticals, Inc. engages in the research, development, and commercialization of products for anti-infective and acute care needs market. Its principal product, Cubicin, is approved in the United States for the treatment of skin and skin structure infections caused by certain gram-positive bacteria. The company's pipeline includes HepeX-B, a monoclonal antibody biologic that is in second of two Phase 2 trials, for the prevention of infection by Hepatitis B virus in liver transplant patients, as well as research efforts focused on members of the lipopeptide class of molecules. Cubist has a licensing agreement with XTL Biopharmaceuticals, Ltd., for the development and commercialization of HepeX-B. The company was founded in 1992 and is headquartered in Lexington, Massachusetts.
ENDO PHARMACEUTICALS HOLDINGS INC (ENDP)
Endo Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. operates as a specialty pharmaceutical company in the United States. Through its wholly owned subsidiary, Endo Pharmaceuticals, Inc., it engages in the research, development, marketing, and sale of branded and generic pharmaceutical products primarily used to treat and manage pain. The company's branded products include Lidoderm, Percocet, Percodan, Frova, DepoDur, and Zydone. Lidoderm is a topical patch product containing lidocaine for the relief of the pain from post-herpetic neuralgia. Percocet and Percodan are used for the treatment of moderate-to-severe pain. Frova used for prevention of menstrually related migraine. DepoDur used for the treatment of pain following major surgery. Zydone tablets are also used for the relief of moderate-to-severe pain and contain hydrocodone/acetaminophen. The company's generic products comprise morphine sulfate, generic oxycodone hydrochloride, and acetaminophen product, which focus on pain management. Endo Pharmaceuticals also offers carbidopa/levodopa, the generic version of Sinemet for the treatment of the symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. In addition, the company is developing products for the acute, chronic, and neuropathic pain conditions, as well as in complementary therapeutic areas. It sells its products to pharmacy chains and wholesale drug distributors who supply to pharmacies, hospitals, governmental agencies, and physicians. The company has a strategic alliance with SkyePharma, Inc. Endo was incorporated in 1997 and is headquartered in Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania.
INSPIRE PHARMACEUTICALS INC (ISPH)
Inspire Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, engages in discovery, development, and commercialization of prescription pharmaceutical products in the ophthalmic and respiratory therapeutic areas. It has product candidates in various stages of clinical development and various programs in preclinical development. The company's clinical product candidates are based on proprietary technology relating to P2 receptors. Its products in clinical development include INS365 Ophthalmic for treating dry eye disease and corneal wound healing; INS37217 Respiratory for the treatment of cystic fibrosis; INS37217 Ophthalmic for the treatment of retinal disease; and INS50589 Antiplatelet for use in acute cardiac care. In addition, the company has rights to co-promote Elestat, for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis; and Restasis, for the treatment of dry eye disease in the United States under collaborative agreements with Allergan, Inc. It also has collaborative partnerships with Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics, Inc., as well as license agreements with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation. The company was incorporated in 1993 and is based in Durham, North Carolina.
BIOVAIL CORPORATION (BVF)
Biovail Corporation engages in the formulation, clinical testing, registration, manufacture, and commercialization of pharmaceutical products utilizing oral drug-delivery technologies primarily in North America. Its primary focus is on various therapeutic areas, including cardiovascular disease, central nervous system disorders, and pain management. The company's portfolio of oral drug-delivery technologies include controlled release, graded release, enhanced absorption, rapid absorption, taste masking, and oral disintegration. Biovail's products are commercialized in various countries through licensing agreements with strategic marketing partners. In addition, the company promotes and/or co-promotes products on behalf of third parties; provides research, development, and clinical contract research services to third parties; and sells its controlled release products through third parties. Biovail was founded in 1983 and is headquartered in Mississauga, Canada.
CELL THERAPEUTICS INC (CTIC)
Cell Therapeutics, Inc. engages in the discovery, development, acquisition, and commercialization of drugs for the treatment of cancer. The company markets TRISENOX (arsenic trioxide) for the treatment of relapsed or refractory acute promyelocytic leukemia. Cell Therapeutics develops XYOTAX, paclitaxel linked to a polyglutamate polymer, which is used for the potential treatment of nonsmall cell lung cancer and ovarian cancer. It uses a biodegradable protein polymer to deliver the chemotherapy paclitaxel principally to tumor tissue. The company develops pixantrone, which is in clinical trials for the potential treatment of relapsed aggressive nonhodgkin's lymphoma. It operates primarily in the United States and Italy. The company was co-founded by James A. Bianco, Louis A. Bianco, and Jack W. Singer in 1991. Cell Therapeutics is headquartered in Seattle, Washington.
ANGIOTECH PHARMACEUTICALS INC (ANPI)
Angiotech Pharmaceuticals, Inc. focuses on combining pharmaceutical compounds with medical devices and biomaterials to address common complications associated with certain surgical procedures and processes of various diseases worldwide. It primarily sells coronary stent systems incorporating the drug paclitaxel for the treatment of coronary artery disease. The company's other commercial products include VITAGEL surgical hemostat, a bioresorbable hemostatic material used to reduce patient blood loss during surgical procedures; CoSeal surgical sealant, a biomaterial surgical sealant used to enable tissue repair and regeneration; Collagraft and NeuGraft, collagen-based biomaterial products for orthopaedic and spinal surgery applications; and various polymeric biocompatible coatings for medical devices. Angiotech's ongoing clinical programs include TAXUS Liberte, Vascular Wrap, Adhibit, and Peripheral Drug Eluting Stent Program. TAXUS Liberte is a paclitaxel eluting coronary stent system to treat restenosis, and other local inflammatory and proliferative diseases. Vascular Wrap is used to prevent stenosis following vascular bypass surgery in the limbs. Adhibit adhesion prevention gel, a nondrug-loaded biomaterial product, is undergoing human clinical studies in Europe. Peripheral Drug Eluting Stent Program is a study of a paclitaxel-eluting stent to treat peripheral artery disease in the limbs. In addition, the company has other preclinical programs, including anti-infective central venous catheter program and intra-articular paclitaxel program for the prevention of post injury contractures and cartilage preservation. Angiotech has a strategic alliance with Baxter Healthcare Corporation and CombinatoRx. Angiotech was incorporated in 1989. The company was formerly known as Holwest Industries, Ltd. It changed its name to Angiogenesis Technologies, Inc. in 1992 and to Angiotech Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in 1996. The company is headquartered in Vancouver, Canada.
StemCells, Inc., a biotechnology company, engages in the discovery, development, and commercialization of stem cell-based therapies to treat diseases of the nervous system, liver, and pancreas. It develops therapies that use stem and progenitor cells to treat human diseases and injuries, such as neurodegenerative diseases, including Batten's, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's diseases, and other metabolic genetic disorders. The company also develops its products for demyelinating disorders, including spinal cord injuries, stroke, hepatitis, chronic liver failure, and diabetes; and multiple sclerosis. StemCells is headquartered in Palo Alto, California.
ENZON PHARMACEUTICALS INC (ENZN)
Enzon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, engages in the discovery, development, manufacture, and commercialization of human therapeutics for life threatening diseases. The company markets four human therapeutic products, such as ABELCET, ONCASPAR, ADAGEN, and DEPOCYT. ABELCET is a lipid complex formulation of amphotericin B used primarily in the hospital to treat immuno-compromised patients with invasive fungal infections. ONCASPAR is a PEG-enhanced version of a naturally occurring enzyme called L-asparaginase. It is approved in the United States, Canada, and Germany; and is used in conjunction with other chemotherapeutics to treat patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who are hypersensitive or allergic to native or unmodified forms of L-asparaginase. ADAGEN is used to treat patients afflicted with a type of severe combined immunodeficiency disease, also known as the ‘Bubble Boy' disease, which is caused by the chronic deficiency of the adenosine deaminase enzyme. DEPOCYT is an injectable chemotherapeutic approved for the treatment of patients with lymphomatous meningitis. The company also develops PEG-INTRON, which is used in combination with REBETOL for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C; and ATG FRESENIUS S, a polyclonal antibody preparation that is used for T-lymphocyte suppression in organ transplant patients in order to prevent organ graft rejection. The company has strategic alliances with Nektar Therapeutics, SkyePharma, PLC, and Inex Pharmaceuticals Corporation. Enzon Pharmaceuticals was incorporated in 1981 and is headquartered in Bridgewater, New Jersey.
Geron Corporation, a biopharmaceutical company, engages in the development and commercialization of therapeutic and diagnostic products for cancer based on its telomerase technology, and cell-based therapeutics using its human embryonic stem cell (HESC) technology. The company develops anticancer therapies based on telomerase inhibitors, telomerase therapeutic vaccines, and, through its licensees, telomerase-based oncolytic (cancer-killing) viruses. It uses HESCs for the manufacture of replacement cells and tissues. It intends to use HESC technology to enable the development of transplantation therapies, facilitate pharmaceutical research and development practices, and for research in human developmental biology. Geron Corporation's nuclear transfer technology is a method for generating whole animals from genetic material derived solely from the nucleus of a single cell obtained from an individual animal. The company was incorporated in 1990 and is headquartered in Menlo Park, California.
Alpharma, Inc., a global specialty pharmaceutical company, engages in the development, manufacture, and marketing of specialty generic human pharmaceutical and animal pharmaceutical products. The company offers a range of generic human pharmaceutical products in tablet, capsule, liquid, and topical formulations and dosage forms. It operates in five segments: Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API), Branded Pharmaceuticals (BP), International Generics (IG), U.S. Generic Pharmaceuticals (USG), and Animal Health (AH). The API segment offers a range of antibiotic fermentation based active pharmaceutical ingredients that are used in the manufacture of finished dose pharmaceutical products. The BP segment manufactures, develops, and markets a prescription pain medicine in a capsule dosage form under the trademark Kadian. It also markets a third party's branded prescription product in a tablet dosage form Pexeva. The IG segment offers a range of prescription pharmaceuticals that comprises antibiotic, analgesic/antirheumatic, psychotropic cardiovascular, cough and cold, and corticosteroid therapeutic products; and over-the-counter products that include skin care, gastrointestinal care, and pain relief products for human use. The USG segment provides generic prescription, specialty branded, and over-the-counter pharmaceuticals for human use. The AH segment offers medicated feed additives for food producing animals, such as poultry, cattle, and swine. It sells products primarily to wholesalers, distributors, hospitals, long-term care providers, managed care providers, and mail order companies, as well as merchandising chains in the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands, Scandinavia, western Europe, Indonesia, China, Asia-pacific, and certain Middle Eastern countries. The company was formed as A.L. Laboratories, Inc. in 1975 and changed its name to Alpharma, Inc. in 1994. Alpharma is headquartered in Fort Lee, New Jersey.
BIOPURE CORPORATION (BPUR)
Biopure Corporation engages in the development, manufacture, and marketing of pharmaceuticals, called oxygen therapeutics. Its pharmaceuticals are administered intravenously to increase oxygen transport to the body's tissues. The company offers Hemopure for human use, which is approved in South Africa for the treatment of adult surgical patients, who are acutely anemic; for the purpose of eliminating, reducing, or delaying the need for donated red blood cell transfusions in these patients; for the management of patients with cardiovascular ischemia; and as an early intervention in the out-of-hospital setting for the treatment of patients with acute blood loss resulting from traumatic injury. It also offers Oxyglobin to veterinarians for use in the treatment of anemia in dogs in the United States and Europe. The company sells its products through direct sales force and distributors. Biopure was founded in 1984 and is based in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
DR. REDDYS LABORATORIES LTD (RDY)
Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited engages in the development, manufacture, and marketing of pharmaceutical products. The compa |
